{"id":28,"date":"2026-08-21T10:21:50","date_gmt":"2026-08-21T08:21:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/?p=28"},"modified":"2026-10-12T16:23:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T13:23:20","slug":"harsen-olien-en-handelsroutes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/2026\/08\/21\/harsen-olien-en-handelsroutes\/","title":{"rendered":"Gyant\u00e1k, olajok \u00e9s kereskedelmi \u00fatvonalak"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Nyersanyag<\/strong><\/td>Botanikai forr\u00e1s<\/strong><\/td>F\u00f6ldrajzi sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1s<\/strong><\/td>Els\u0151dleges funkci\u00f3 a balzsamoz\u00e1si folyamatban<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
C\u00e9drusolaj<\/td>Cedrus libani<\/td>Libanon-hegys\u00e9g<\/td>A bels\u0151 sz\u00f6vetek felold\u00e1sa be\u00f6nt\u00e9s \u00fatj\u00e1n<\/td><\/tr>
Mirha<\/td>Commiphora myrrha<\/td>Punt \u00e9s D\u00e9l-Ar\u00e1bia<\/td>A has\u00fcreg arom\u00e1s steriliz\u00e1l\u00e1sa<\/td><\/tr>
Piszt\u00e1ciagyanta<\/td>Pistacia lentiscus<\/td>\u00c9gei-tengeri szigetek<\/td>A p\u00f3ly\u00e1k antibakteri\u00e1lis lez\u00e1r\u00e1sa<\/td><\/tr>
Feny\u0151gyanta<\/td>Pinus halepensis<\/td>\u00c9szakkelet-Mediterr\u00e1neum<\/td>A k\u00fcls\u0151 v\u00e1szonr\u00e9tegek megkem\u00e9ny\u00edt\u00e9se<\/td><\/tr>
M\u00e9hviasz<\/td>Apis mellifera<\/td>Helyi egyiptomi m\u00e9h\u00e9szet<\/td>A f\u00fclek, az orrlyukak \u00e9s a bemetsz\u00e9sek lez\u00e1r\u00e1sa<\/td><\/tr>
Aszfalt \u00e9s bitumen<\/td>Holt-tengeri medence<\/td>J\u00fadeai sivatag<\/td>A csontok \u00e1titat\u00e1sa nedvess\u00e9g ellen<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Az import\u00e1lt balzsamok k\u00e9miai azonos\u00edt\u00e1sa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A balzsamoz\u00e1si maradv\u00e1nyok vizsg\u00e1lata sor\u00e1n a Szeged, Sz\u00f6v\u0151 u. 7, 6726 alatti m\u0171hely\u00fcnkben g\u00e1zkromatogr\u00e1fi\u00e1t \u00e9s t\u00f6megspektrometri\u00e1t alkalmazunk. Ezek a m\u00f3dszerek lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszik sz\u00e1munkra, hogy az egyes molekul\u00e1ris markereket \u2013 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az abietinsavat, a triterpenoidokat \u00e9s a bitumenvegy\u00fcleteket \u2013 pontosan visszavezess\u00fck konkr\u00e9t n\u00f6v\u00e9nyfajokra \u00e9s geol\u00f3giai lel\u0151helyekre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Egy magas rang\u00fa test mumifik\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz olyan alapanyagokra volt sz\u00fcks\u00e9g, amelyek a N\u00edlus v\u00f6lgy\u00e9ben term\u00e9szetes m\u00f3don nem fordultak el\u0151. Az elit temetkez\u00e9sek tekintet\u00e9ben Egyiptom teljes m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben egy kiterjedt nemzetk\u00f6zi kereskedelmi h\u00e1l\u00f3zatt\u00f3l f\u00fcgg\u00f6tt, amely t\u00f6bb ezer kilom\u00e9teren \u00e1t \u00edvelt sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ld\u00f6n \u00e9s tengeren egyar\u00e1nt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A legfontosabb ell\u00e1t\u00e1si \u00fatvonalak Th\u00e9ba \u00e9s Memphisz fel\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • A V\u00f6r\u00f6s-tengeren \u00e1t a legend\u00e1s Punt f\u00f6ldj\u00e9re vezet\u0151 tengeri \u00fatvonal t\u00f6mj\u00e9n\u00e9rt, m\u00e9zg\u00e1\u00e9rt \u00e9s illatos gyant\u00e1k\u00e9rt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • A S\u00ednai-sivatagon \u00e1t a Levant\u00e9ba vezet\u0151 karav\u00e1nutak c\u00e9drusf\u00e1\u00e9rt, foly\u00e9kony olajok\u00e9rt \u00e9s feny\u0151gyant\u00e1\u00e9rt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Tengeri kereskedelmi kapcsolatok Kr\u00e9t\u00e1val \u00e9s Ciprussal n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi kivonatok\u00e9rt, terpentin\u00e9\u00e9rt \u00e9s r\u00e9zeszk\u00f6z\u00f6k\u00e9rt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • A Holt-tenger ir\u00e1ny\u00e1ba tart\u00f3 \u00e9szaki kereskedelmi \u00fatvonalak a term\u00e9szetes aszfalt\u00e9rt, amelyet a harmadik \u00e1tmeneti kort\u00f3l intenz\u00edven haszn\u00e1ltak.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Ezeknek az import\u00e1lt anyagoknak a kombin\u00e1ci\u00f3ja er\u0151s k\u00e9miai g\u00e1tat k\u00e9pezett a gomb\u00e1kkal \u00e9s bakt\u00e9riumokkal szemben. A gyant\u00e1k h\u00f3napok alatt kem\u00e9ny, f\u00e9nyes massz\u00e1v\u00e1 polimeriz\u00e1l\u00f3dtak, amely v\u00edz\u00e1ll\u00f3 volt, \u00e9s hermetikusan elz\u00e1rta a testet a leveg\u0151t\u0151l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Joshua Ismail csapata a lexvarkn\u00e1l rendszeresen publik\u00e1l ezekr\u0151l a kereskedelmi kapcsolatokr\u00f3l. Ez r\u00e1vil\u00e1g\u00edt arra, hogy az egyiptomiak \u00f6r\u00f6kk\u00e9val\u00f3s\u00e1gra val\u00f3 felk\u00e9sz\u00fcl\u00e9se a F\u00f6ldk\u00f6zi-tenger t\u00e9rs\u00e9g\u00e9nek legkor\u00e1bbi nemzetk\u00f6zi kereskedelmi gazdas\u00e1g\u00e1nak egyik legnagyobb mozgat\u00f3rug\u00f3ja volt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nyersanyag Botanikai forr\u00e1s F\u00f6ldrajzi sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1s Els\u0151dleges funkci\u00f3 a balzsamoz\u00e1si folyamatban C\u00e9drusolaj Cedrus libani Libanon-hegys\u00e9g A bels\u0151 sz\u00f6vetek felold\u00e1sa be\u00f6nt\u00e9s \u00fatj\u00e1n Mirha Commiphora myrrha Punt \u00e9s D\u00e9l-Ar\u00e1bia A has\u00fcreg arom\u00e1s steriliz\u00e1l\u00e1sa Piszt\u00e1ciagyanta Pistacia lentiscus \u00c9gei-tengeri szigetek A p\u00f3ly\u00e1k antibakteri\u00e1lis lez\u00e1r\u00e1sa Feny\u0151gyanta Pinus halepensis \u00c9szakkelet-Mediterr\u00e1neum A k\u00fcls\u0151 v\u00e1szonr\u00e9tegek megkem\u00e9ny\u00edt\u00e9se M\u00e9hviasz Apis mellifera<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bez-kategorii"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":80,"href":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28\/revisions\/80"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lexvark.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}